Shenzhen, abbreviated as "Shen" and also known as Pengcheng, is a sub provincial city, planned city, and mega city under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province. It has been approved by the State Council as a special economic zone, national economic center city, and international city in China. As of 2018, the city has 9 districts under its jurisdiction, with a total area of 1997.47 square kilometers and a built-up area of 927.96 square kilometers. The permanent population in 2022 is 17.6618 million people. The urbanization rate is 100%, making it the first city in China to undergo complete urbanization.

Shenzhen is located in southern China, southern Guangdong, on the east bank of the the Pearl River Estuary, bordering Daya Bay and Dapeng Bay in the east, the the Pearl River Estuary and Lingding Ocean in the west, and connected to Hong Kong across the Shenzhen River in the south. It is also one of the four major central cities in the Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area, an international comprehensive transportation hub, an international scientific and technological industry innovation center, and one of the three major national financial centers in China, and is making every effort to build a global marine central city, an advanced demonstration area of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and a comprehensive national science center. Shenzhen has a complete range of water, land, air, and rail ports, making it the port city in China with the largest number of ports, the largest number of inbound and outbound personnel, and the largest traffic volume.

The name Shenzhen first appeared in historical records in the eighth year of the Yongle reign of the Ming Dynasty (1410). In the early Qing Dynasty, a rural area was built, and Shenzhen was established in 1979. In 1980, an economic special zone was established, making it the first economic special zone established in China, a window for China's reform and opening up, and an emerging immigrant city. Shenzhen holds an important position in China's high-tech industries, financial services, foreign trade exports, marine transportation, creative culture, and other aspects. It also shoulders the important mission of experimentation and demonstration in China's institutional innovation and expansion of opening up.